How this was checked

Effective human oversight

Verified · last checked Settled, with the evidence a claim at this level needs.

Under the EU AI Act, high-risk AI systems must be designed so they can be effectively overseen by people while in use, with oversight aimed at preventing or minimising risks to health, safety or fundamental rights that may emerge in intended use or under reasonably foreseeable misuse, and with measures proportionate to the risk, the autonomy and the context. A deployer must assign that oversight to people who have the necessary competence, training and authority, as well as the necessary support. The system must also be provided to the deployer in such a way that those people are enabled, as far as is appropriate and proportionate, to remain aware of the tendency to rely or over-rely on what the system produces, which the regulation calls automation bias, in particular where the system provides information or recommendations for decisions a person then takes.

At a glance

The statement laid out, in its own words. The statement above and its sources are what count.

How the system is designed

  • So that it can be effectively overseen by people while in use
  • with oversight aimed at preventing or minimising risks to health, safety or fundamental rights in intended use or under reasonably foreseeable misuse
  • with measures proportionate to the risk, the autonomy and the context

Who the deployer assigns

  • People with the necessary competence, training and authority
  • and the necessary support

Automation bias

  • The system is provided so that those people are enabled, as far as is appropriate and proportionate, to remain aware of the tendency to rely or over-rely on what it produces
  • in particular where it provides information or recommendations for decisions a person then takes

Where the book relies on it

Kind of evidence
documentarySettled by a first-hand source, quoted below with the day it was read.

The evidence

Article 14(1): High-risk AI systems shall be designed and developed in such a way, including with appropriate human-machine interface tools, that they can be effectively overseen by natural persons during the period in which they are in use. (2) Human oversight shall aim to prevent or minimise the risks to health, safety or fundamental rights that may emerge when a high-risk AI system is used in accordance with its intended purpose or under conditions of reasonably foreseeable misuse, in particular where such risks persist despite the application of other requirements set out in this Section. (3) The oversight measures shall be commensurate with the risks, level of autonomy and context of use of the high-risk AI system. Article 26(2): Deployers shall assign human oversight to natural persons who have the necessary competence, training and authority, as well as the necessary support.

Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, Article 14(1), (2) and (3) and Article 26(2), in the consolidated text CELEX 02024R1689 as consolidated on 27 July 2026 (English). Read from sources/eu-ai-act/02024R1689-20260727-consolidated-EN.html, downloaded from EUR-Lex on 2026-10-08. All four paragraphs carry the base marker and were not amended by Regulation (EU) 2026/1744., read

Open the official source

Article 14(4): For the purpose of implementing paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, the high-risk AI system shall be provided to the deployer in such a way that natural persons to whom human oversight is assigned are enabled, as appropriate and proportionate: ... (b) to remain aware of the possible tendency of automatically relying or over-relying on the output produced by a high-risk AI system (automation bias), in particular for high-risk AI systems used to provide information or recommendations for decisions to be taken by natural persons;

Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, Article 14(4), introductory wording and point (b), in the consolidated text CELEX 02024R1689 as consolidated on 27 July 2026 (English). Read from sources/eu-ai-act/02024R1689-20260727-consolidated-EN.html, downloaded from EUR-Lex on 2026-10-08. Article 14 carries the base marker and was not amended by Regulation (EU) 2026/1744, whose enacting part amends Article 10, then Article 11(1), then Article 17(2), then Article 25, leaving Articles 12 to 16 untouched; every reference to "Article 14(4)" in that act is to Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 on market surveillance. Article 14 sits in Chapter III Section 2 and therefore applies, under Article 113(c), from 2 December 2027 for Annex III high-risk systems and from 2 August 2028 for Annex I ones., read

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